The Estonian Academy of Sciences was founded in 1938 on the basis of the Estonian Academy of Sciences Act.
On 13 April 1938, the first 12 members of the Estonian Academy of Sciences were approved by the Minister of State Konstantin Päts on the proposal of the Minister of Education. On 20 April 1938, the first plenary session was held, at which Karl Schlossmann was elected President of the Academy. An overview of the Academy's history.
| Name | Elected | Research Field | Date of Birth | Deceased |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Julius AAMISEPP | 1946* | Root Crop Breeding | 01.09.1883 | 19.01.1950 |
| Agu AARNA | 1961 | Organic Chemistry | 11.10.1915 | 11.12.1989 |
| Hillar ABEN | 1977 | Mechanics | 03.12.1929 | 21.01.2024 |
| Albrecht ALTMA | 1946* | Physics | 23.03.1897 | 08.05.1969 |
| Nikolai ALUMÄE | 1954 | Structural Mechanics | 12.09.1915 | 27.03.1992 |
| Richard ANTONS | 1951 | Economics | 11.02.1899 | 10.05.1966 |
| Paul ARISTE | 1954 | Linguistics | 03.02.1905 | 02.02.1990 |
| Harald ARMAN | 1946* | Architecture | 22.05.1910 | 13.05.1965 |
| Pavel BOGOVSKI | 1993 | Oncology | 10.03.1919 | 08.03.2006 |
| Nikolai BUZULUKOV | 1951 | Economics | 04.05.1905 | 15.09.1979 |
| Aleksandr DOBRJANSKI | 1951 | Chemistry | 26.08.1889 | 31.01.1965 |
| Johan EICHFELD | 1946* | Plant Cultivation and Plant Breeding | 26.01.1893 | 20.04.1989 |
| Olaf EISEN | 1972 | Organic Chemistry | 28.04.1920 | 14.03.1989 |
| Harald HABERMAN | 1946* | Zoology | 19.12.1904 | 16.12.1986 |
| Raimund HAGELBERG | 1981 | Economics | 07.02.1927 | 17.07.2012 |
| Johannes HEIL | 1951 | Engineering | 15.09.1895 | 24.07.1991 |
| Arnold HUMAL | 1951 | Mathematics | 10.03.1908 | 13.12.1987 |
| Leo JÜRGENSON | 1946* | Structural Mechanics | 21.01.1901 | 07.09.1986 |
| Juhan KAHK | 1969 | History | 01.08.1928 | 28.06.1998 |
| Gunnar KANGRO | 1961 | Mathematics | 21.11.1913 | 25.12.1975 |
| Paul KARD | 1961 | Physics | 15.12.1914 | 03.09.1985 |
| Arnold KASK | 1961 | Estonian Language | 10.08.1902 | 30.07.1994 |
| Harald KERES | 1961 | Theoretical Physics | 15.11.1912 | 26.06.2010 |
| Aksel KIPPER | 1946* | Astrophysics | 05.11.1907 | 25.09.1984 |
| Oskar KIRRET | 1961 | Chemistry | 27.11.1909 | 18.12.1991 |
| Aleksandr KIUR-MURATOV | 1951 | Veterinary Science | 20.09.1898 | 08.03.1968 |
| Feodor KLEMENT | 1951 | Physics | 30.05.1903 | 28.06.1973 |
| Arnold KOOP | 1986 | History | 16.07.1922 | 21.04.1988 |
| Alfred KOORT | 1946* | Philosophy | 29.05.1901 | 28.09.1956 |
| Ilmar KOPPEL | 1993 | Natural Sciences (Physical Chemistry) | 16.01.1940 | 09.01.2020 |
| Arvo KRIKMANN | 1997 | Humanities | 21.07.1939 | 27.02.2017 |
| Lembit KRUMM | 1987 | Energetics | 20.07.1928 | 13.12.2016 |
| Hans KRUUS | 1946* | History | 22.10.1891 | 30.06.1976 |
| Valdek KULBACH | 1986 | Structural Mechanics | 06.04.1927 | 31.01.2020 |
| Eerik KUMARI | 1961 | Zoology | 07.03.1912 | 08.01.1984 |
| Grigori KUZMIN | 1961 | Astronomy | 08.04.1917 | 22.04.1988 |
| Harri KÄÄR | 1994 | Engineering | 01.07.1944 | 20.04.1997 |
| Arno KÖÖRNA | 1972 | Economics | 02.02.1926 | 21.12.2017 |
| Ferdinand LAJA | 1946* | Veterinary Science | 17.04.1889 | 02.01.1956 |
| Heinrich LAUL | 1961 | Structural Engineering | 05.08.1910 | 16.04.1991 |
| Ülo LEPIK | 1993 | Mechanics | 11.07.1921 | 12.02.2022 |
| Georg LIIDJA | 1987 | Physics | 04.08.1933 | 12.06.2017 |
| Ülo LILLE | 1983 | Biotechnology | 16.09.1931 | 02.01.2023 |
| Artur LIND | 1987 | Molecular Biology | 06.04.1927 | 30.11.1989 |
| Endel LIPPMAA | 1972 | Chemical Physics | 15.09.1930 | 30.07.2015 |
| Juri LOTMAN | 1990 | Semiotics of Culture | 28.02.1922 | 28.10.1993 |
| Artur LUHA | 1946* | Geology | 09.07.1892 | 29.12.1953 |
| ÜLO LUMISTE | 1993 | Mathematics | 30.06.1929 | 20.11.2017 |
| Tšeslav LUŠTŠIK | 1964 | Solid state physics | 15.02.1928 | 08.08.2020 |
| Viktor MAAMÄGI | 1961 | History | 12.10.1917 | 31.05.2005 |
| Ottomar MADDISON | 1946* | Engineering | 31.03.1879 | 30.01.1959 |
| Richard MAHL | 1954 | Chemical Technology | 28.08.1898 | 26.06.1964 |
| Udo MARGNA | 1987 | Plant Physiology | 18.11.1934 | 17.05.2019 |
| Viktor MASING | 1993 | Biogeography | 11.04.1925 | 18.03.2001 |
| Enn MELLIKOV | 2003 | Technology of Materials | 01.04.1945 | 23.07.2018 |
| Uno MERESTE | 1994 | Humanities and Social Sciences | 27.05.1928 | 06.12.2009 |
| Lennart MERI | 2001 | Humanities | 29.03.1929 | 14.03.2006 |
| Harri MOORA | 1957 | Archaeology | 02.03.1900 | 02.05.1968 |
| Hilda MOOSBERG | 1951 | History | 23.11.1903 | 31.05.1985 |
| Gustav NAAN | 1951 | Philosophy | 17.05.1919 | 12.01.1994 |
| Jüri NUUT | 1946* | Mathematics | 10.07.1892 | 31.05.1952 |
| Ergo NÕMMISTE | 2012 | Exact Sciences | 27.06.1956 | 11.04.2019 |
| Eve OJA | 2010 | Mathematics | 10.10.1948 | 27.01.2019 |
| Karl ORVIKU | 1946* | Geology | 17.07.1903 | 07.03.1981 |
| Kalju PAAVER | 1969 | Biology | 16.12.1921 | 18.03.1985 |
| Viktor PALM | 1978 | Organical Chemistry | 17.09.1926 | 23.01.2010 |
| Aleksander PANKSEJEV | 1983 | History | 20.10.1921 | 27.11.1989 |
| Andrus PARK | 1987 | Philosophy | 17.12.1949 | 14.08.1994 |
| Erast PARMASTO | 1972 | Botany | 23.10.1928 | 24.04.2012 |
| Juhan PEEGEL | 1977 | Filology | 19.05.1919 | 06.11.2007 |
| Mihkel PILL | 1946* | Grain Breeding | 07.01.1884 | 19.06.1951 |
| Aarne PUNG | 1954 | Cattle Breeding | 30.06.1909 | 14.08.1994 |
| Eduard PÄLL | 1961 | Estonian Language | 15.09.1903 | 13.06.1989 |
| Hugo RAUDSEPP | 1961 | Organic Chemistry | 17.09.1900 | 06.01.1976 |
| Anto RAUKAS | 1977 | Geology | 17.02.1935 | 19.04.2021 |
| Jaan REBANE | 1975 | Philosophy | 13.05.1924 | 10.11.1993 |
| Karl REBANE | 1961 | Theoretical Physics | 11.04.1926 | 04.11.2007 |
| Loit REINTAM | 1990 | Soil Science | 12.11.1929 | 17.01.2010 |
| Juhan ROSS | 1993 | Biogeophysics | 14.08.1925 | 21.06.2002 |
| Joosep SAAT | 1951 | History | 30.07.1900 | 16.01.1977 |
| Oskar SEPRE | 1946* | Economics | 20.05.1900 | 23.11.1965 |
| Ilo SIBUL | 1957 | Physiology | 10.02.1908 | 31.01.1979 |
| Karl SIILIVASK | 1977 | History | 20.01.1927 | 18.11.2017 |
| Helle SIMM | 1977 | Hydrobiology and Hydrochemistry | 23.01.1920 | 07.10.1991 |
| Boris TAMM | 1972 | Cybernetics | 23.06.1930 | 05.02.2002 |
| Vello TARMISTO | 1977 | Economics | 07.01.1918 | 06.11.1991 |
| Alma TOMINGAS | 1946* | Pharmacy | 15.09.1900 | 29.01.1963 |
| Nikolai TOMSON | 1946* | Air hygiene of residential buildings | 14.02.1898 | 02.04.1972 |
| Hans-Voldemar TRASS | 1975 | Botany and Ecology | 02.05.1928 | 14.02.2017 |
| Andrei TŠERNÕŠOV | 1951 | Fuel Chemistry and Energetics | 22.04.1904 | 22.11.1953 |
| Friedebert TUGLAS | 1946* | Literature | 02.03.1886 | 15.04.1971 |
| Peeter TULVISTE | 1994 | Humanities and Social Sciences | 28.10.1945 | 11.03.2017 |
| Enn TÕUGU | 1981 | Informatics | 20.05.1935 | 30.03.2020 |
| Juhan VAABEL | 1946* | Jurisprudence | 26.08.1899 | 10.04.1971 |
| Voldemar VADI | 1946* | Medicine | 25.02.1891 | 05.11.1951 |
| August VAGA | 1946* | Botany | 15.03.1893 | 11.12.1960 |
| Artur VASSAR | 1961 | History | 18.11.1911 | 17.07.1977 |
| Mihkel VEIDERMA | 1975 | Inorganic Chemistry | 27.12.1929 | 25.10.2018 |
| Arnold VEIMER | 1957 | Economics | 20.06.1903 | 03.03.1977 |
| Johannes Voldemar VESKI | 1946* | Linguistics | 27.06.1873 | 28.03.1968 |
| Aleksander VOLDEK | 1969 | Electrical Engineering | 02.04.1911 | 27.01.1977 |
| Andres ÖPIK | 2013 | Engineering | 04.05.1947 | 28.01.2023 |
| Ilmar ÖPIK | 1967 | Thermophysics | 17.06.1917 | 29.07.2001 |
| *nominated |
| Name | Nominated | Research Field | Date of Birth | Deceased |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hugo KAHO | 1938 | Natural Sciences | 15.11.1885 | 17.09.1964 |
| Edgar KANT | 1938 | Humanities | 21.02.1902 | 16.10.1978 |
| Paul KOGERMAN | 1938 | Natural Sciences | 05.12.1891 | 27.07.1951 |
| Teodor LIPPMAA | 1939* | Natural Sciences | 17.11.1892 | 27.01.1943 |
| Oskar LOORITS | 1938 | Humanities | 09.11.1900 | 12.12.1961 |
| Julius MARK | 1938 | Humanities | 27.03.1890 | 02.03.1959 |
| Aleksander PALDROK | 1938 | Natural Sciences | 16.05.1871 | 01.07.1944 |
| Ludvig PUUSEPP | 1938 | Natural Sciences | 03.12.1875 | 19.10.1942 |
| Karl SCHLOSSMANN | 1938 | Natural Sciences | 19.02.1885 | 17. 12.1969 |
| Hendrik SEPP | 1938 | Humanities | 23.03.1888 | 05.09.1943 |
| Gustav SUITS | 1938 | Humanities | 30.11.1883 | 23.05.1956 |
| Jüri ULUOTS | 1938 | Humanities | 13.01.1890 | 09.01.1945 |
| Ernst ÖPIK | 1938 | Natural Sciences | 22.10.1893 | 10.09.1985 |
| Honorary Members | ||||
| Konstantin PÄTS | 1939* | 23.02.1874 | 18.01.1956 | |
| Johan LAIDONER | 1940* | 12.02.1884 | 13.03.1953 | |
| *elected |
| Name | Elected | Research Field | Date of Birth | Deceased |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valdar JAANUSSON | 1991 | Geology | 30.06.1923 | 08.08.1999 |
| Carl-Olof JACOBSON | 1995 | Zoomorphology | 24.04.1929 | 04.06.2018 |
| Antero JAHKOLA | 1998 | Energy Research | 05.02.1931 | 10.12.2017 |
| Matti KUUSI | 1991 | Folcloristics | 25.03.1914 | 16.01.1998 |
| Ilse LEHISTE | 2008 | Linguistics | 31.01.1922 | 25.12.2010 |
| Indrek MARTINSON | 1998 | Physics | 26.12.1937 | 14.11.2009 |
| Gérard A. MAUGIN | 2002 | Mechanics | 02.12.1944 | 22.09.2016 |
| Grigori MINTS | 2008 | Computer Sciences | 07.06.1939 | 29.05.2014 |
| Endrik NÕGES | 1995 | Automatic Control | 05.04.1927 | 06.06.2006 |
| Els OKSAAR | 1998 | Linguistics | 01.10.1926 | 09.12.2015 |
| Jaak PEETRE | 2008 | Mathematics | 29.07.1935 | 01.04.2019 |
| Johannes PIIPER | 1991 | Physiology | 11.11.1924 | 02.01.2012 |
| Jānis STRADIŅŠ | 1998 | Physical Chemistry and History of Science | 10.12.1933 | 29.11.2019 |
| Päiviö TOMMILA | 1991 | History | 4.08.1931 | 18.11.2022 |
| Endel TULVING | 2002 | Psychology | 26.05.1927 | 11.09.2023 |
| Ivar UGI | 1991 | Chemistry | 05.09.1930 | 29.09.2005 |
| Henn-Jüri UIBOPUU | 1995 | Jurisprudence | 11.10.1929 | 21.10.2012 |
| Richard R. ERNST | 2003 | Physical Chemistry | 14.08.1933 | 04.06.2021 |
